Your Social Media Feed: Mental Health Helper or Hot Mess?

Navigating the wild world of online mental health advice

A post by Team Sound Psych & Claude

Let's be real: we've all been there. It's 2 AM, you're scrolling through TikTok, and suddenly you're wondering if that video about ADHD symptoms applies to you. Or maybe you've seen conflicting advice about antidepressants and now you're not sure what to believe.

Welcome to the age of mental health content on social media—where the information is endless, the advice is free, and the accuracy varies widely.

What Researchers Actually Found

Researchers at Indiana University decided to investigate what's really happening with mental health content online. They analyzed thousands of posts across platforms, and their findings give us a clear picture of the landscape. Nearly 70% of Americans use the internet for health information, so understanding what we're consuming matters.

Here's what the data showed:

TikTok Analysis (500 videos tagged #mentalhealthadvice or #mentalhealthtips):

  • 31% were rated as "not scientifically accurate"

  • 14% were classified as "potentially damaging"

  • Videos about trauma-related disorders had the lowest accuracy rate at 33%

  • ADHD videos were more often accurate but had the highest rate of potentially harmful content

Instagram Study (916 posts about antidepressants):

  • 43% displayed negative sentiments about antidepressants

  • Many cited personal withdrawal experiences and recommended non-evidence-based alternatives

CBT on TikTok (top 200 videos):

  • Over 20% showed negative or mixed attitudes toward cognitive behavioral therapy despite strong scientific evidence supporting CBT's effectiveness

ADHD Content Analysis (100 popular TikTok videos):

  • 52% contained information lacking scientific evidence, mostly regarding signs and symptoms of ADHD

Why People Turn to Social Media for Mental Health Info

The research identified several factors driving online health information seeking:

  • Healthcare access barriers (cost, availability, geographic limitations)

  • Previous negative experiences with healthcare providers

  • Desire for community and validation

  • Seeking perspectives from people with similar experiences

  • Platform algorithms that continue showing mental health content once you engage

The study found that 37% of people in online support groups for OCD reported that peer advice influenced their treatment decisions. However, only half consulted a professional about these changes.

What Makes Information Problematic

The researchers identified several patterns in content that can be misleading:

Personal Experience as Universal Truth:

  • Individual stories presented as applying to everyone

  • Single experiences used to make broad claims about treatments

Unsubstantiated Claims:

  • Treatment recommendations without scientific backing

  • Symptom descriptions that don't align with clinical criteria

Anti-Professional Messaging:

  • Content discouraging professional consultation

  • Dismissing evidence-based treatments based on individual experiences

The Accuracy Challenge

Information quality varied significantly by topic:

  • Trauma content: Lowest accuracy rates

  • Neurodevelopmental disorders: High rates of unsubstantiated symptom information

  • Treatment discussions: Mixed accuracy, often influenced by personal experiences

The research noted that some platforms had more problematic content than others, with newer platforms like TikTok showing particular challenges in content quality.

The Positive Side of Mental Health Social Media

The research also documented benefits of online mental health communities:

  • Increased social support for people with mental health conditions

  • Reduced isolation, especially for those with limited local resources

  • Decreased stigma around mental health topics

  • Access to diverse perspectives and coping strategies

Studies have shown that online support can complement professional treatment when used appropriately.

How to Evaluate Mental Health Content

Based on the research findings, here are evidence-based ways to assess online content:

Check the Source:

  • Look for credentials from licensed mental health professionals

  • Note whether content creators distinguish personal experience from professional advice

Evaluate the Claims:

  • Are statements backed by research or based solely on personal experience?

  • Does the content acknowledge individual variation in mental health experiences?

  • Are treatment recommendations encouraging professional consultation?

Consider the Language:

  • Absolute statements ("always" or "never") are red flags

  • Quality content acknowledges complexity and individual differences

What the Research Reveals About Susceptibility

Studies on health misinformation generally have found higher susceptibility among:

  • Younger age groups

  • People with lower health literacy

  • Individuals with previous negative healthcare experiences

  • Those with limited access to professional care

The research suggests that repeated exposure to information increases belief in it, regardless of accuracy.

Understanding the Complexity

The researchers emphasized an important nuance: not all problematic content is straightforward misinformation. Some reflects genuine experiences of poor healthcare, particularly among marginalized groups who have faced:

  • Historical underdiagnosis

  • Dismissal of symptoms

  • Inadequate treatment

These experiences contribute to healthcare mistrust and may influence the content people share online.

Evidence-Based Recommendations

For Content Consumers:

  • Use multiple sources when researching mental health topics

  • Distinguish between personal experiences and clinical recommendations

  • Consult licensed professionals for diagnosis and treatment decisions

  • Be aware that engaging content isn't necessarily accurate content

For Content Creators:

  • Clearly separate personal experiences from general advice

  • Include disclaimers encouraging professional consultation

  • Acknowledge when experiences may not apply universally

  • Verify claims against current research when possible

The Measurement Challenge

The researchers noted that current tools for measuring misinformation weren't designed for social media content. Traditional measures like the DISCERN instrument were created for professional health publications, not brief social media posts. This suggests the need for better assessment methods specific to social media health content.

Moving Forward

The research indicates that social media platforms offer both opportunities and challenges for mental health information sharing. The key finding is that information quality varies significantly, and users need skills to evaluate what they encounter.

The study suggests that rather than avoiding these platforms entirely, we need better approaches to:

  • Identifying truly harmful content

  • Supporting accurate information sharing

  • Acknowledging legitimate healthcare concerns

  • Developing platform-specific assessment tools

Remember: social media can provide valuable community and reduce isolation around mental health topics. The research shows it's most beneficial when used as one information source among many, alongside professional care when needed.

Finding Reliable Mental Health Information

As this research shows, navigating mental health information online can be challenging. That's where Sound Psych comes in. We're committed to bridging the gap between complex psychological research and practical, everyday understanding. Our content is created and reviewed by licensed mental health professionals who translate the latest scientific findings into accessible, actionable insights. Whether you're looking to understand a mental health condition, explore treatment options, or simply learn evidence-based coping strategies, Sound Psych provides the reliable, nuanced information you need to make informed decisions about your mental health journey. Because when it comes to your wellbeing, you deserve information you can trust.

Based on research by Lorenzo-Luaces et al., published in Current Opinion in Psychology, 2023.

Starvaggi, I., Dierckman, C., & Lorenzo-Luaces, L. (2024). Mental health misinformation on social media: Review and future directions. Current Opinion in Psychology, 56, 101738.